Software for Human Resources Information Management 2019

Human information resources management (HRIM) is a software concept that has spawned an information technology (IT) class of its own, and a thriving industry. There is a trade organization, the International Association of Human Resources Information Management (IHRIM) that has an annual trade show, a newsletter and an assortment of member benefits. You can find them at http://www.ihrim.org and you can also find an enthusiastic, detailed article about the value of HRIM software to small and mid-sized businesses: ( Technology Becomes Affordable to the Small and Midsize Market: Are You Still Doing the Paper Chase?) HRIM software began as document management software for a segment of business operations that is heavily burdened with paper flow. The job application processs alone requires an application, a resume, various supporting and documents verifying employee eligibility. Once an employee is in the ranks, the ongoing record keeping spreads to benefits and accounting functions that include insurance status, attendance, periodic performance evaluations, payroll records, tax withholding, etc. Letters of commendation or disciplinary actions, promotions, demotions all have been paper documents to be filed in some fashion prior to the advent of electronic record keeping. .u5baae90a4976babcbd543a52ccd33906 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u5baae90a4976babcbd543a52ccd33906:active, .u5baae90a4976babcbd543a52ccd33906:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u5baae90a4976babcbd543a52ccd33906 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u5baae90a4976babcbd543a52ccd33906 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u5baae90a4976babcbd543a52ccd33906 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u5baae90a4976babcbd543a52ccd33906:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Best Interview Questions to AskHuman resources information management software consolidates many of these record keeping functions into a database that takes many of the filing cabinets out of the office layout and provides business analytical tools based on the personnel files. Companies that produce and sell human resources information management software usually design them in modular form. Functions may include: HR (hiring) Payroll Tax Filing Scheduler Timekeeper Accruals Activities Attendance Leave Record Manager (employee overview) Employee (access) Manager (access) These last two features are access to the database for both employees and managers. Employees can access information on insurance issues, personal insurance coverage, payroll records, vacation or time off available, work schedules and so on. Managers can file work schedules and departmental or employee reports as required regarding personnel activities. The interactive features of most HRIM systems are strong selling points as they take the need for personal counseling on each employee question or issue out of managements daily responsibilities. .uba77286074674db220033c27c86497d1 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uba77286074674db220033c27c86497d1:active, .uba77286074674db220033c27c86497d1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uba77286074674db220033c27c86497d1 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uba77286074674db220033c27c86497d1 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uba77286074674db220033c27c86497d1 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uba77286074674db220033c27c86497d1:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Louisiana Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-based Education in Louisiana, the Pelican StateHuman resources information can be put into database forms that provide management information. Some management decisions regarding worker productivity and streamlining operations can be aided with data developed through HRIM. One software company notes these analytical tools that their software data can generate: Effective workforce deployment to meet quality, cost, and customer satisfaction goals Labor cost control Government regulation compliance Employee recruiting, development, and retention Statistics in these categories matched against industry norms can provide valuable benchmarks for decisions on operational changes. Many of the software firms that provide the basic packages providing the record keeping categories listed above will provide sophisticated analytical modules as options sold separately. Human resources management software can be a helpful tool for the employee and for mid-level management staff. Software implementation and the impact on employees daily routines need to be handled carefully. Many software companies provide company-wide briefings as part of the product sale. .u62a39450e9340618f89fb1f69c69cedf { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u62a39450e9340618f89fb1f69c69cedf:active, .u62a39450e9340618f89fb1f69c69cedf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u62a39450e9340618f89fb1f69c69cedf { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u62a39450e9340618f89fb1f69c69cedf .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u62a39450e9340618f89fb1f69c69cedf .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u62a39450e9340618f89fb1f69c69cedf:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Online Degree Programs 5 Most Rewarding CareersRelated ArticlesConsulting in the Human Resources FieldCanadian Human Resource DevelopmentThe Key to Your Future is an MBA DegreeHuman Resource Management JobsA Crash Course in Business AdministrationUses of an Online Marketing Degree

Living an Abundant Life Loving Oneself - 1673 Words

An abundant life is a life that everyone has the ability to live. Every person regardless of his or her disabilities, race, culture, affect, or geological location is able to live an abundant life. The meaning of an abundant life put simply is to truly love oneself. If a person can truly live out these seven components, they truly love themselves, and therefore they are living an abundant life. The seven essential components of living an abundant are: the ability to experience joy, the ability to be resilient, the ability to give love others, the ability to receive love from others, the ability to feel emotions, the possession of passion, and an adequate amount of sleep. These seven components are vital to living the abundant life,†¦show more content†¦Without resilience, whenever something bad happens in someone’s life, his or her reaction would be to just give up, therefore the other essential components of their life would cease to exist. Every person has differen t tribulations they face throughout their life. It is important for people to work through these events, but after a certain amount of time it is important for people to move on with their life. The Ability to Give Love to Others A quote from the popular movie Moulin Rouge offers really good insight into the next two components, â€Å"The greatest thing you’ll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return† (Baron, 2001). These next two components go hand in hand. The first is the ability to give love, and the second is the ability to receive love. The ability to give love is an essential component to living an abundant life because love is almost like a nonverbal language, and through love people are able to connect with one another. Love is, â€Å"a universal emotion that has become the basis of marriage and family for many societies† (Braxton-Davis, 2002). Love gives people a sense of belonging, and as Maslow theorized in his Hierarchy of Needs; a sense of belonging is essential for human existence (Cherry). Giving love to others helps people realize how to love him or herself, and how to receive love from others. If a person isn’t able to give love to others or feel love for others, they most likely don’t have much love for themselves either.Show MoreRelatedDiscipleship Is Not A Static Identity Essay1173 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept. It is a dynamic relationship which Jesus initiates to establish with human beings. Jesus summons actively disciples by disclosing and revealing himself to them. In this relationship, human beings are bound to Jesus, the one who calls him, â€Å"the living Lord,† â€Å"not a system of ideas† by this particular way of calling and asked to be the witness of his self-revelation. The nature of discipleship is a command and invitation to be his witness. Therefore, the only effective and valid response is theRead MoreEffects Of College On The College Loan Scandal1248 Words   |  5 Pagesthe main reason many people set out to go to college. Once people exit college with a degree in hand the effect of going to college will stay with person till he or she is old and grey. F ew people will think that college has no effect on his or her life that is not so college will effect his or her for the better. The effect of college can be small to large and positive to negative but there is always an effect. Two articles proclaim the effect of college are â€Å"3 Reason College Still Matters† by AndrewRead MoreSolitude Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagesbook, as is evident from the title. Here, solitude doesnt necessarily mean loneliness; it is a fated seclusion by space or some neurotic obsession. It is the sense of being apart from others. Examples of solitude can be found in the one-hundred-year life of Macondo and the Buendia family. It is both emotional and physical solitude that is shown geographically, romantically, and individually. Each character has his or her own particular solitude. It seems that it is always the intent of the charactersRead MoreCritical Analysis of Coleridges The Rime of the Ancient Mariner2466 Words   |  10 Pagesregard for living things. Death and his mate, Life-in-Death, come to the ship and battle over who will control. Death wins the ship; Life-in-Death wins over the Mariner, sparing his life, but giving death as the crews fate. For seven days and seven nights the Mariner is forced to confront the open, accusing eyes of his dead shipmates. He curses the sea creatures that squirm around him, proving to Life-in-Death that the Mariner has not learned his lesson. Only when the Mariner praises the living thingsRead More Objectivism and The Fountainhead Essay2099 Words   |  9 Pagesand an Objectivist herself, we find the three key points in Objectivism: The first key point is the Objectivists view of the world. The Objectivist states that this is the only world we can know. It is irrelevant if there is a heaven, or a hell, or life elsewhere. We know what we do through our senses and reason. What we perceive with our senses we know to be real (Garmong). â€Å"Existence exists - and the act of grasping that statement implies two corollary axioms: that something exists which one perceiveRead MorePostmodernism and the Simpsons10775 Words   |  44 Pagesin school. In 17 years the Simpson’s infant has not learned to walk or talk, and has yet to give up her pacifier. The family is as timeless as they are placeless. In this understanding the creators’ efforts are such that The Simpsons are nowhere, living at no time, and representing no specific family – but paradoxically they are every American family everywhere at any point in the postmodern era. Despite these efforts, the show inevitably focuses more on white middle-class America than other sectorsRead MoreAnswer: Paragraph and Thesis-and-support Outline Thesis9738 Words   |  39 Pagesparagraph 1 Support: paragraphs 2-4 Conclusion: paragraph 5 2. In his essay, Russell explores how three causes—his search for love, his search for knowledge, and his pity for humankind—have affected how he’s lived his life. Examples Russell provides of his first passion, love, are that it brings ecstasy; it relieves loneliness; it provides a glimpse of heaven. Examples of the power of knowledge are that it provides insight into the hearts of men; it reveals why theRead MoreAnswer: Paragraph and Thesis-and-support Outline Thesis9749 Words   |  39 PagesIntroduction: paragraph 1 Support: paragraphs 2-4 Conclusion: paragraph 5 2. In his essay, Russell explores how three causes—his search for love, his search for knowledge, and his pity for humankind—have affected how he’s lived his life. Examples Russell provides of his first passion, love, are that it brings ecstasy; it relieves loneliness; it provides a glimpse of heaven. Examples of the power of knowledge are that it provides insight into the hearts of men; it reveals why theRead MoreReview Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre 10879 Words   |  44 PagesWeather if relevant The weather constantly reflects on Jane s current mood and foreshadows many events. For example, when Jane was in Gateshead, the weather was always dreary, rainy, and depressing, which corresponded with Jane’s miserable view on life and the tensions between her aunt and cousins. While Jane was studying at the Lowood School, it was initially depressing, with â€Å"rain, wind, and darkness [filling] the air† (51). After Mr. Brocklehurst s hypocrisy was exposed, however, her time atRead MoreDieting Makes People Fat Essay19490 Words   |  78 Pagestrip. They offered to Fed Ex a new card within 3 days, but I was returning in four. Just make sure you alert them before you leave for you trip. 10 Open a Skype, Yahoo Voice, or other pc voice account, if you dont already have one. This will make life easier for you, if you need to contact anyone back home. If you need to call the bank, for example, its a lot easier on Skype than on a $2 per minute calling card. Your cell phone wont work, unless its geared for all regions, and even then its

Financial Statement Analysis Research Paper

Question: Describe about the Financial Statement Analysis Research Paper? Answer: Introduction Financial statements help to understand the financial health of a company. However, when accounts are manipulated, it provides a negative usage to stakeholders. Stakeholders face many issues in reading the market such as improper guidelines, fraudulent practices and manipulations. This research paper makes a study of the financial statement analysis issue. The methodology involved is to study the issue through a case study of the financial statement of Apple Inc. The ratio analysis made is through the horizontal method and vertical method. The horizontal method is done through the financial statement analysis, growth expectations and equity valuation of Apple Inc., over a period of 4 years from 2012 to 2015. The analysis is made through figures presented in the annual reports of the company and the issues that stakeholders face while reading the annual reports of a firm. The literature relating to manipulation issues, the causes, methods involved in manipulations is analyzed through Apple Inc. The findings are made and conclusions of the study provided through detailed study. Literature Overview Jerry M Rosenberg has defined Accounting Ratios as any relationship of a companys earnings to the firms market price of its stock. They are also called as financial ratios as they show the relationship between various figures stated in the financial statements. Ratio analysis is the most widely used financial analysis tool. These ratios help to assess the liquidity, profitability and the capital structure of the business, especially to compare the performance of the firm in relation to its previous performance (Sarngadharan kumar, 2011). Financial Statement Analysis Users view the financial statements of a firm for various reasons. Investors look at the profitability of the firm over time and by comparing them with other firms in the same industry. The continuity, stability and solvency of a firm is seen by a strong cash flow. The capital structure gives them a picture of the value of holdings by investors. Other stakeholders include the lenders, pension fund managers, banks, employees and suppliers. The business managers read the financial statements to know the performance of the firm and to spot problems that arise in the firm(Fridson Alvarez, 2002). Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) The role of the SEC is to protect the interest of stakeholders and to maintain an orderly and efficient market to facilitate capital formation so that firms confirm to transparent accounting practice and also confirm the standards of disclosure as specified(SEC, 2013). Methodology: Case Study-Apple Inc. The research paper consists of current issues regarding the financial statement analysis of stakeholders. The methodology used in this research is through a case study of Apple Inc. The current issues that stakeholders face in reading financial statements are analyzed. Issues arise regarding financial analysis under horizontal and vertical methods. Details regarding Apple Inc and stakeholders involved in Apple Inc. are seen by using various analytical tools. Though the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) takes steps to prevent fraudulent practices manipulations, there are many reasons why corporate make use of loopholes in presenting incorrect financial statements. History Apple is an American international company which manufactures personal computers, computer software, mobile phones and computer peripherals. This company was co-founded by Steve Jobs in 1976. It is the third largest mobile phone makers. Some of its well-known products are the iPhone, iPod, the iPad, and the Macintosh line of computers. The financial statement analysis helps to inspect the productivity and feasibility of Apple Inc. through the income statement, the balance sheet, statement of retained earnings and statement of cash flows. Stakeholders of Apple Inc. The interests of the stakeholders are the main concern of Apple Inc in while considering the different aspects of its business. They are Customers or consumers: They are the companys top stakeholders. Providing effective and good products at reasonable prices to customers is the priority of the firm. But customers of Apple have accepted the premium pricing policy along with the superior quality of the product. Employees of Apple Inc Investors Employees of distributors and suppliers Impact of financial statement manipulation The stakeholders are the main users of the financial statement projected annually by the firm The investors, bankers, suppliers, creditors, employees are various stakeholders who read the financial reports and take decisions regarding the relationship with the firm. Unless the stakeholders understand the issues and read between the lines, they will be misled into taking wrong decisions regarding the firm. Big corporate like General Motors, Lehman Brothers, Enron, AIG, Freddie Mac, are some examples of bankrupt firms which predicted wrong financial statements and had to close their firms as they were bankrupt while stakeholders lost their investments in these firms. Financial Statement Analysis(Cook, Apple Inc. - Annual Report, 2015, 2015)(Cook T. , 2014)(Cook, Apple Inc.- Annual Report, 2013)(Cook, Apple Inc.- Annual Report, 2012) (Ernst Young, 2015) Financial Statements are analyzed from the annual reports of companies. A study is made on how stakeholders analyze the financial statement of Apple Inc. Key methods of analyzing financial statements are the horizontal method and the vertical method. The horizontal method analyzes the financial statement over a series of periods. In this sample the financial statements are studied for a period of four years from 2012 to 2015 of Apple Inc. The financial statement analysis, growth expectation and equity valuations are studied. The vertical method analyzes the financial statement between competing firms and between the industry figures. Horizontal method Under the horizontal method, the financial analysis made within the firm by means of ratio analysis over a time-frame. The time-frame considered here is four years from 2012 2015. The ratios analyzed on Apple Inc are to gain knowledge about financial analysis, growth expectation and equity valuation (Sarngadharan kumar, 2011) Financial Analysis Liquidity Ratios Liquidity Ratios 2012 2013 2014 2015 Current Ratio 1.50 1.68 1.08 1.11 Quick Ratio 1.48 1.64 1.05 1.08 Cash Ratio 0.76 0.93 0.40 0.52 Source: Nasdaq(Nasdaq, 2016) Liquidity ratios help to analyze if the firm has the ability to meet its current or short-term obligations The current ratio is very good in 2012 while it has come down in 2015. The current assets are just able to meet the current liabilities in 2015 and are just satisfactory. The Quick ratio shows the overall liquidity position of the firm. This is also known as the liquid ratio. It places more emphasis on the ability of the firm to convert current assets into cash. Quick assets are current assets less inventory and prepaid expenses. A liquid ratio of 1:1 is considered satisfactory and Apple Inc has just satisfactory liquid assets to meet liquid liabilities(Palepu Healy, 2013). The Cash Ratio is a liquidity ratio that reflects the ability of the firm to pay its current liabilities with its cash and cash equivalents. This ratio is analyzed by its creditors. Apple Inc has a cash ratio of less than 1 which shows that it does not have the required cash balance to pay off its debts. In fact, this ratio shows deterioration over the years. The cash balance consists of cash obtained through tax evasion as reported through new articles.(TOI, 2016). Profitability Ratios 2012 2013 2014 2015 Gross Margin 44% 38% 39% 40% Operating Margin 35% 29% 29% 30% Net Margin 27% 22% 22% 23% ROE 43% 31% 34% 46% ROA 42% 26% 26% 31% Source: Morningstar(MorningStar, 2016) Gross Margin: This shows the percentage of revenue that is available to cover operating expenditures and other expenditure. Apple Inc.s GP margin has decreased after 2012 though it is recovering over the years showing that it is increasing its revenue to cover expenses Net margin: This indicates profitability. Apple Inc.s net profit margin has also fallen since 2012, showing a marginal improvement after its fall in 201 . Year on year, the companys revenue has increased to 233.72bn from 192.80bn which is a 27.86 % increase. It has also decreased its cost of goods sold, selling and administrative expenses as well as interest paid as a percentage of sales. These improvements have increased the growth of net income to 53.39bn from 39. T5bn which is 35.14% (Marketwatch, 201). ROE: This measures how much a company generates as profit from the shareholder money invested. It compares the profitability of the company with that of other firms in the same industry. This ratio has also improved after 2013 showing that investments made with the shareholder money get good returns adding to the profit of the business ROA: We find that the ROE exceeds ROA in 2012 and 2015 showing that earnings is more than sufficient to pay the interest charges on levered capital structure(Billingsley, 2006) Growth Expectation Current Qtr Mar 16 Next Qtr June 16 Current Year Sep 16 Next Year Sep 17 Earnings estimate 2.00 1.78 9.07 10.02 Revenue Estimate 52.10B 47.76B 227.45B 240.84B Earnings 2.16 1.81 1.88 3.23 EPS 2.00 1.78 9.07 10.02 Source: Yahoo Finance(Yahoo, 2016) The dividend per share (at a five year average) at 1.26% has grown at 8.7%. This is a noteworthy positive trend since there are not many companies in the communication equipment industry paying such good dividend. The EPS (at 5 year average) is at its highest in 2015. The industry average is 9.39 which show that the company has attained good growth. The estimated growth for September 2017 is 10.02(Yahoo, 2016) The revenue estimate shows a positive trend for the next year The growth-stock newsletter: The Motely Fool has recommended that Apple Inc. will triple its stock markets return over its last 13 year performance. Apple CEO Tim Cook has made bullish statements in its last employee meeting regarding its iPad business Equity Valuation (value in 000s) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Common Stocks $16,422,000 $19,764,000 $23,313,000 $27,416,000 Retained Earnings $101,289,000 $104,256,000 $87,152,000 $92,284,000 Total Equity $118,210,000 $123,549,000 $111,547,000 $119,355,000 EPS 6.31 5.68 6.45 9.07 Dividend 0.38 1.63 1.81 1.98 Source: Nasdaq(Nasdaq, 2016) Balance Sheet (value in 000s) 2012 2013 2014 2015 Current Assets $57,653,000 $73,286,000 $68,531,000 $89,378,000 Total Assets $176,064,000 $207,000,000 $231,839,000 290,479,000 Current Liabilities $38,542,000 $43,658,000 $63,448,000 $80,610,000 Total Liabilities $57,854,000 $83,451,000 $120,292,000 $171,124,000 Source: Nasdaq(Nasdaq, 2016) Current assets include cash and cash equivalents; short-term investments; net receivables and other current assets. Total assets include current assets, long-term investments, fixed assets, goodwill, intangible assets and other assets Current liabilities include accounts payable, short-term debt and other current liabilities have increased significantly from last year Total liabilities include current liabilities, long-term debt, other liabilities and deferred liability charges (Wahlen, 2015). Porters five forces determine the ability of the firm to earn returns on capital that exceeds cost of capital Rivalry within existing firms Threat from new entrants Threat of substitutes Suppliers bargaining power Buyer bargaining power(Viebig, Poddig, Varmaz, 2008). Issues in Horizontal Analysis On analyzing the companys Balance Sheet, we find that The total assets and the total liabilities of the company have grown. However, we find that the liabilities are growing at a higher rate than the total assets though the profits projected are good. The shareholders equity has improved from last year. However, it has not been able to cross the 2013 figure. The statement of financial position and stockholders equity gives information to stakeholders about the company resources which is its assets and the source of capital which is its liabilities and equity Accounting based equity valuation is criticized as the earnings are subject to distortion and manipulation. The accounting numbers reported, affect their personal objectives. Leading Investment banks use the DCF model for equity valuation as investors prefer the present value of the future cash flows low risk, high returns and liquidity. (Wild, Subramanyam, Halsey, 2007) We find that the financial statement analysis through ratios, growth expectation and equity valuation project a good report of Apple Inc. However, we find that profit, sales and value of the firm are not steady as sales are lopsided depends only on iPad and iPhone (Benner, 2015). Vertical Method Through vertical analysis, financial statements, growth expectation and equity valuation are studied between firms within the same industry and compared to industry standards. However, stakeholders face various issues through such comparisons. Apple plays a major role in the cell phone industry and other products. Some of its competitors taken for comparison are HP Inc.and Alphabet Inc. within the electronic equipment industry Comparison between competing firms and industry standards (as of 2015) Apple Inc. HP Inc. Alphabet Inc. Industry Market Cap 589.3 21.06 509.08 993.9 Revenue 234.99 101.74 74.99 637.90 Gross Margin 0.40 0.24 0.62 0.22 Operating Margin 0.30 0.8 0.26 0.05 Net Income 53.73 4.43 16.35 0.05 EPS 9.40 2.08 23.59 0.09 RD Expenses 3.5% - 16.1% - Source: Yahoo Finance(Yahoo, 2016) Issues in Vertical Analysis Hp Inc has a comparatively low market cap but is able to generate higher revenue than Apple Inc. The gross margin and the net margin is also high showing that on a percentage basis, HP inc. generates more profits than Apple Inc. Stakeholders especially shareholders do not make such intimate study on the industry as a whole while making investments. The amount spent on research and development is also comparatively less showing that future products will be impacted by this low expenditure which would affect the future growth of the company(Yahoo, 2016) If Apple has to be compared with software companies, it should be compared to Dell, HP. Lenovo and Microsoft. Hence, with different segments within industries, it is difficult to classify firms within particular industries and make comparisons, as their line of business varies along with its revenues which confuses its stakeholders Apple has product lines like iPad, iPhone, iTunes, Mac, Software and Peripherals while Microsoft has various business divisions like Online Services, Server and Tools, Windows and Windows Live, Entertainment, Devices and Business (Office). From 2007 to 2011, the revenue has increased from $5,000 m to $27,000m for Apple while it has grown from $5,000m to 21,000, for Microsoft. However, the chief reason of growth of Apple is due to iPhone and iPad while it is an overall growth for Microsoft. Though the rate of growth of Microsoft is not as high as Apple, it shows overall growth in revenue which is healthier than Apple(Dediu, 2011). Stakeholders are the main users of the financial statements. By projecting a positive statement, firms are able to attract stakeholders to invest in their firms. This helps them in decision-making regarding investments in firms. Through financial analysis they get an idea of the performance of the firm as they help stakeholders analyse financial statements, study its growth expectation and equity valuation before investing in them(Mohana, 2011). Manipulation Issues Cause for manipulation Statutory flaws The Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) which is responsible for the GAAP standards provides various provisions that corporate management makes use of while preparing accounts. Firms make use of the flexibility in GAAP standards to paint a rosy picture of the companys financial position Management Corporate executives are paid in proportion to the financial performance of companies and hence project a positive statement As auditors and corporate executives have a good relationship, the auditors are influenced by corporate to bend accounting rules to keep away negative projections and bolster incomes so that stakeholders get a positive idea about the firm(Gibson, 2011). The accounts are manipulated for various reasons. a) The firm shows bad performance during the current period and can look strong in the years ahead b) To put all poor financial information into the current period so that the fault can be attributed to the current economic environment c) To project good financial information for the future period when the company can get more identity(Wahlen, 2015) Methods of Manipulation of Financial Statements Inflate earnings during the current period through artificially inflating incomes and revenues. Deflate expenses during the current period, artificially to meet expectations. Deflate earnings during the current period as a counterintuitive measure to project a poor performance of the firm. Failing to record expenses or reducing liabilities improperly. Holding back revenue to bolster future performance of the company as a revenue source. To shift future expenses into the current period, such as provision of depreciation and depletion through manipulation of accounting standards. To shift current expenses into the future period or earlier period, such as writing off impaired assets Increase profits through the sale of assets and investments and recording the sale as revenue To record fictitious revenue of sales that do not exist or showing loan proceeds as revenue To record revenue before completing the entire service and before product shipment Issues raised by stakeholders of Apple Inc. Currency Issues Apple Inc has to depend on various countries like China, Korea and India for its products. Currency fluctuations and political factors are ever-persistent risks that the company faces every year and hence comparison over time-period and between industries is tough(FinancialTimes, 2016) P/E ratio Bajarin an industry analyzer on his analysis of Apple Inc, states that market trends and business strategies are being distorted throughout the tech industry which he calls as the reality distortion theory. In the last quarter, Apple has shown a healthy profit margin with its revenue more than $48 billion. Fortune has listed Apple Inc first in four major categories. However the P/E ratio is much lesser than Amazon, Google, Facebook and Dell. Bajarin argues that investors who invest in companies after reading the annual reports come to the conclusion that Apple Inc. is a good investment but if the stock prices are less than that of its peers, they would lose out on their investments(Bajarin, 2013). Cash balance Apple Inc. (AAPL) In the 2015 annual report, Apple has shown that it holds cash of $187 billion. This amount is equal to about 88% of the annual sales of the company. Usually such high cash balance is held as precautionary cash. The reason stated, is that if such cash balances are not held, they will have to depend on debt and capital markets. Another tech company in the late 1970s was Intel, faced such as the situation when it entered innovative technology and had to depend on external capital markets for its fund. However, Faulkner argues that Apple is not using this cash balance as a precautionary reason but to get around the high corporate tax made on the company by the US. He also feels that investors would find such huge cash balance as a positive indication on the stock (Faulkender, 2016). Tax evasion Tax avoidance is an illegal and unethical perspective followed by multinationals like Microsoft, Apple, Google and Starbucks. Apple is described as the largest tax avoider by the Senate Subcommittee on Investigations in US. It has avoided 44billion pounds over the past four years through the Double Irish scheme. It has saved over $12.5 billion through intellectual property rights through commercial benefit in US corporation tax (Colle, 2014). Stock prices Time to time, Apple Inc., stock prices show irregularities. The instance taken for analysis is between September 19, 2013 to December 28, 2013 when the stock closed at $702.10 and 509.8 respectively. The stock had drifted low without any concrete reason such as low earnings or poor product line development. This stock manipulation also took place during July 25, 2013 and August 2013when shares soared 24%. This was an increase of about $135 within 42 trading sessions. These manipulations are due to the ground breaking innovations brought about by Apple and hence movement of these stocks is easier than Microsoft or other firms in the same sector(Johnson, 2013). These stock movements are due to rumors spread deliberately by the management to make use of market movement Forecast rumors Apple has project revenue for the end-of-quarter at $75.5-$77.5 billion. Though the numbers are high, it has fallen below the Wall Street forecast. Forecasts are artificially created by firms to get investor attention. Lopsided growth Another reason for its slow growth is the poor sales in iPad though iPhone continues its growth Though Apple Inc. shows good overall growth, the sales figures are high, mainly due to its iPad and iPhone turnover showing that the company has a lopsided growth. If these products fail, the company will not be able to survive for long (Fool, 2016). Findings The research paper has made a study on the financial statement analysis, growth expectation and equity valuation. The projections that the stakeholder will read through these analysis and the true picture of Apple Inc. through the horizontal and vertical analysis present a vast difference. This is because financial analysis faces various issues. A definite underlying theory to analyze financial statements does not exist: With no definite theory, ratios are subject to untested assertions and are replete Conglomerate firms are large firms having a wide range of industries and diversified product lines. They do not have suitable benchmarks for financial evaluation Window dressing is part of financial accounting practice to present a rosy picture to its stakeholders Price level changes are not included in price level changes Variations in accounting policies between companies such as depreciation policy, valuation of stock, foreign exchange transaction, provision of reserves, research and development and revaluation of assets Interpretation of results have varying yardsticks with industry averages. Hence whether a certain ratio is good or bad cannot be judged easily(Chandra, 2008) Conclusion Apple Inc. is a successful company on a global level playing an important role by producing innovative models and marketing good quality products. The research paper has taken Apple Inc. for its case study to study the financial statement analysis issues. The study has done the financial statement analysis through the horizontal and vertical method by using various ratios from the reports of Apple Inc. Through comparative study over a time period and within firms and the industry, the issues that stakeholders face when they invest their money into Apple Inc. is projected. Manipulations issues affect the financial statement analysis, growth expectation and equity valuation distorting the view of stakeholders who are the real users of the financial statements of the firms. Bibliography Bajarin, B. (2013, March 4). Apple's Reality Distortion Field Relocates to Wall Street. Retrieved March 23, 2016, from Techland Time: https://techland.time.com/2013/03/04/apples-reality-distortion-field-relocates-to-wall-street/ Benner, K. (2015, October 28). Apple's sees another quarter of enviable growth; but can the iPhone grow in fiscal 2016. The Economic Times , pp. 1-10. Billingsley, R. (2006). Understanding Arbitrage: An Intuitive Approach to Financial Anlaysis. New Delhi: Wharton School Publishing. Chandra, P. (2008). Financial Management: Theory and Practice. New Delhi: Mc-Graw-Hill. Colle, S. (2014). State-induced, Strategic, or Toxic? An Ethical Analysis of Tax Avoidance Practices. Business and Professional Ethics Journal , 53-82. Cook, T. (2014). Apple Inc. - Annual Report. Washington: Apple Inc. Cook, T. (2015). Apple Inc. - Annual Report, 2015. Washington D.C.: Apple Inc. Cook, T. (2012). Apple Inc.- Annual Report. Washington D.C.: Apple Inc. Cook, T. (2013). Apple Inc.- Annual Report. Washington D.C.: Apple Inc. Dediu, H. (2011, September 29). Comparing Top Lines: Apple vs. Microsoft. Retrieved March 3, 2016, from ASYMCO: https://www.asymco.com/2011/09/29/c Ernst, Young. (2015). Apple Inc. - Current Report. California: Apple Inc. Faulkender, M. (2016, February 5). Apple Inc. (AAPL) Sitting on $187 billion to Avoid US Tax; Economic Distortion Not Clear. Retrieved March 23, 2016, from Value Walk: https://www.valuewalk.com/2016/02/apple-inc-aapl-sitting-on-187-billion-to-avoid-u-s-tax-economic-distortion FinancialTimes. (2016, March 20). Equities: Apple Inc. Financial Times , pp. 1-5. Fool, M. (2016, February 19). Motely Fool: Investing. Retrieved March 20, 2016, from The Motley Fool: https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2016/02/ Fridson, M., Alvarez, F. (2002). Financial Statement Analysis: A Practioner's Guide. New York: John Wiley Sons. Gibson, C. (2011). Financial Reporting and Analysis: Using Financial Accounting Informatiopn. Australia: Cengage Learning. Johnson, S. (2013, July 1). Apple Inc. (AAPL) Stock Manipulation Report. Retrieved March 23, 2016, from Personal Finance: https://www.pfhub.com/apple-inc-aapl-stock-manipulation-report Marketwatch. (201, March 24). Fact Set Research Systems Inc. Retrieved March 24, 2016, from Market Watch: https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/stock/aapl/financials Mohana, P. (2011). Financial Statement Analysis and Reporting. New Delhi: PHI Learning. MorningStar. (2016, March 17). Financials-Morningstar. Retrieved March 17, 2016, from Apple In AAPL: https://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=AAPL Nasdaq. (2016, March 17). Nasdaq. Retrieved March 17, 2016, from AAPL Company Financials: https://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/aapl/financials?query=ratios Palepu, K., Healy, P. (2013). Business Analysis and Valuation: Using Financial Statements. South-Western: Cengage Learning. Sarngadharan, kumar, R. S. (2011). Financial Analysis for Management Decisions. New Delhi: PHI Learning Priviate Limited. SEC. (2013, June 10). US SEC: What We Do. Retrieved March 24, 2016, from US Securities and Exchange Commission: https://www.sec.gov/about/whatwedo.shtml TOI. (2016, March 20). Apple: News. Times of India , pp. 1-5. Viebig, J., Poddig, T., Varmaz, A. (2008). Equity Valuation: Models from Leading Investment Banks. West Sussex: John Wiley Sons. Wahlen, J. (2015). Financial Reporting, Financial statement Analysis and Valuation. Mason: Content Technologies. Wells, J. (2011). Corporate Fraud Handbook: Prevention and Detection. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Wild, J., Subramanyam, Halsey, R. (2007). Financial Statement Analysis. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill. Yahoo. (2016, March 24). Apple Inc (AAPL). Retrieved March 24, 2016, from Yahoo Finance: https://in.finance.yahoo.com/q/co?s=AAPL

Supply Chain and Overall Strategy Of Wal

To begin with, Wal-Mart’s overall business strategy is composed of goals, core activities, and product-market focus (Heizer Render, 2011). The goals of the company are to dominate markets, utilize low cost systems, promote high growth, and to do it the Wal-Mart way (Krajewski et al., 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain and Overall Strategy Of Wal-Mart specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The core activities of the organization are to integrate logistics, manage them intensely, and to tailor them according to the local situation. The product-market focuses entails provision of branded general merchandise, value oriented customers, develop easier markets first, and to work from regional hubs. All these contribute to the value proposition of the organization (Stevenson, 2008). The supply chain strategy of the organization entails purchasing the goods and materials that the company uses for the lo west prices available in the market to them to retail at customer friendly prices. The organization is known to bypass intermediaries and middle men and to negotiate intensively during purchase of goods, services and materials (Heizer Render, 2011). The organization is also known to prefer local manufactures as well as preferring the manufacturers that demonstrated transparent cost structures. The organization then establishes long term relationships with these types of manufacturers. The organization’s logistics are among the most efficient in large businesses today (Stevenson, 2008). Distribution centers are served by a fleet of not less than 3000 trucks that are owned by the organization. These are for the purpose of transporting goods to the Wal-Mart outlets twice every week due to the high flow of goods from the organization’s individual stores. These are supervised by a coordinator. The organization employs cross-docking for the purpose of managing the acquisiti on of goods from their suppliers. In addition, decisions concerning merchandising, pricing, and promotions have been decentralized and left to the market forces; this is managed by stores, distribution centers, and suppliers (Krajewski et al., 2009). The organization has instilled information technology and communication systems to aid their inventory management and set up its own satellite communication system in the 1980’s. The satellite connected the organization’s numerous stores as well as the organization’s suppliers to the organization.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was done for the purpose of enabling the organization to attend to the individual needs of individual stores in a timely manner and to enable the workers to update themselves on all aspects of the inventory in stores, deliveries, and back up merchandise at the organizationâ€⠄¢s distribution points (Heizer Render, 2011). The organization’s supply chain enables the organization to meet its goals that have been outlined earlier in this essay (Krajewski et al., 2009). Due to establishment of an ICT system specifically for the organization, the organization has successfully managed to reinforce their relationships with their customers, employees, individual stores, and their suppliers. This has enabled the organization to have value-oriented customers, to have an integrated logistics system, ensure that their stores always have sufficient stock, and thus promote the business as reliable to its customers, employees and suppliers alike. The organization’s ability to search and engage only the lowest cost supplier as well as having their own transportation has paid dividends as well (Stevenson, 2008). The low costs were passed on to the customers as well and this added value to the organization’s every step and process. In addition, the o wnership of its own fleet of vehicles also lowered costs and enabled prompt availability of the goods to their customers. This has resulted in the domination of markets by the organization, high growth, friendly prices for their goods and availability of these goods at all times (Krajewski et al., 2009). In conclusion, this organization’s supply chain and overall strategy has enabled the organization to realize shorter time in inventory turnover, prompt and correct prediction of inventory levels and enabled utilization of working capital among other benefits (Stevenson, 2008). The Wal-Mart model is touted as one of the best in supply chain management owing to the benefits it has accorded the organization and given it an edge over its competitors (Heizer Render, 2011). References Heizer, J, Render, B. (2011). Operations Management (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Prentice-Hall.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain and Overall Strategy Of Wal-Mart specif ically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Stevenson, J. (2008). Operations Management. London: Continuum. Krajewski, L. Ritzman, P. Malhotra, K. (2009). Operations Management (9th Edition). New York: Academic Publishers. This essay on Supply Chain and Overall Strategy Of Wal-Mart was written and submitted by user Amber F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Baseball 2 Essay Research Paper HOW TO free essay sample

Baseball 2 Essay, Research Paper HOW TO Become A PROFESSIONAL BALL PLAYER There are many stairss to be done in order to be a pro baseball participant. You re stating to yourself, What are the odds of me going a pro. Well candidly, non really good. However, there are many stairss you can take to increase your opportunities. If luck falls in your corner, you merely might be one of the few who go onto that degree and go a star, recognized or non. To acquire anyplace in baseball, you must hold the impulse to desire to win. Without this, there is no point to even seek and do it someplace in baseball. Baseball is a athletics that takes a batch of assurance, forbearance, subject, and motive. Therefore, you need the urge interior of you to finish all of the undertakings set Forth for you. Make non worry though, if you feel that you do non hold what it takes to go a baseball player, you can ever work at constructing up this alleged impulse or take the easy, but tiring path out of this life, and merely set your baseball mitt and chiropteran in the cupboard, for good. We will write a custom essay sample on Baseball 2 Essay Research Paper HOW TO or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Or better yet, do non even seek and be a ball participant. The initial procedure begins when you are a kid. This is when you build up your cardinal accomplishments and see even if you like playing ball. It ever helps if you are a natural at this athletics, but if non, you are traveling to hold to pattern extra hard to acquire to the degree of being better than the participants environing you. Even if you are a natural, you must set in excess clip on the side and train to your soap at acquiring better physically and mentally. A good tip is to listen to all of your baseball managers throughout your clip playing ball. Even if what they say sounds like it will non assist you out at all, it likely will. They have been around a batch longer and have seen what works and what does non in relation to training participants. You should besides seek and travel to baseball cantonments. This overall can profit you really much. Besides all the practicing you need to make as a child, you should besides travel to many baseball games merely to watch and pick up tips from the pros, and even small league games. The more you watch, the more you learn. As you get older, you need to acquire more serious about playing ball. That means more preparation, weight lifting, watching pros, etc. The more attempt you put in, the better off you will be. The competition gets harder the older you are. In order to be better than everyone else, you must give all the dedication and clip you have towards baseball. At points in this period of your calling, you are traveling to desire to give up. All you need to make is merely stick in there and give it your best. This is besides the clip when you want your name to acquire about. The more people that know you, the easier it is to acquire lookouts to look at you. Try to set together videotape of you playing in patterns and games. That is one of the best ways to demo how athletic you are. When the tape is complete, direct it around to lookouts and coac Hes to seek and acquire a scholarship to a premier college. One of the cardinal people who can assist you at this point is your high school manager. Normally, they know a batch of people who can come and look at you in action at your high school games. Another of import factor you need to make to acquire a scholarship is to set together a portfolio of your baseball calling and your personal life. If you and your manager direct this out to colleges, it will besides increase your opportunity at acquiring a scholarship. If you do everything right and give it your best, you will stop up with a drive to college. In the instance that you can non draw a scholarship under your belt, do non worry. You can ever walk on to a college squad. The bad portion about that is you have to turn out to the manager that you are worthy of playing for their squad. This is really hard because you have to get down all over on turn outing people that you are a ball participant. The manager will normally review you really much harder because they will be taking a hazard on seting you on the squad. But if you prove to them that you can play, things become a small easier. You still have to play your best, but you re on the squad. Once you have made the college squad, for the following four old ages or nevertheless long you play, you must play to your full potency. This is the clip when the pro lookouts are looking at you and make up ones minding if they want to mention you to teams or non. They will be watching you whether you know it or non. Every individual great drama you make and every mistake you make, they know and they do non bury it. Your college calling is truly what decides if you become a pro or non. The better you do, the easier it is to go a pro. If you can turn out yourself, so you now have realized that you were meant to play ball. All the difficult work you have done has paid off. If you are non one of the lucky people to go the pro, so at least you know you gave it your best. There is truly nil you can make from at that place to go a pro. If you choose to still remain connected to the game, so you can ever seek and go a manager and learn other childs what you know. If you happen to be one of the lucky people who become a pro, so you have succeeded at your ultimate end. All you do from there is play ball and do a batch of money. Who knows, you might go a large star and be the greatest ball participant at that place of all time has been? It all affairs on how difficult you try. From reading this essay, you now know what it takes to go a pro baseball participant. Make non be confused by this essay though, words can merely state you what has to be done to be a pro. It is up to you to really go one. It is a batch harder than it sounds to be a pro, but it is possible. You have to larn the political relations of baseball and take the right waies to give you this calling. It all comes down to one inquiry ; Do you have what it takes to be a pro. No 1 can state you that answer. It is up to you to calculate it out. 31c

Afghan Communism and Soviet Intervention

Afghan Communism and Soviet Intervention The purpose of this paper is to get a better perspective and understanding of Afghan communism and the Soviet intervention by critically analyzing the communism ideology and how it aided the Soviet Union to join the war in Afghanistan. Communism as an ideology was by extent borrowed from the Marxist philosophy.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Afghan Communism and Soviet Intervention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Communism by large and far is both a political and economic doctrine that advocated for public ownership and control of major facets of production, thus becoming a form of socialism. This way of thinking came about as a means to counter the American ideology of capitalism, which was seen to entail cut throat competition that further empowered the policy of having private property. To help us grasp the idea of Afghan communism, it is critical to have an understanding of her history. 0ver the year s, Afghanistan was under a monarch rule. Mohammed Zahir Shar was the king until July 17th, 1973 when he was ousted by his brother in-law and cousin, general Daoud Khan who brought an end to the monarch rule and led to the formation of the republic of Afghanistan. In 1979, a group of leftist led by Nur Mohammed Taraki, Kamal Barbrak and Amin Hafizullar organized a coup d’Ã ©tat. After the former government was withdrawn, Taraki became the new president while the post of the prime minister was given to Hafizullah. As for Kamal, he sought exile in Moscow. Taraki went to Moscow to meet Leonid Brezhnev, the president. Brezhnev advised him to do away with his Prime Minister Hafizulla, but among his security details a guard who was Hafizulla agent and reported the matter to Amin Hafizulla. Nur Mohammed summoned Amin who agreed to the summons on the pre-condition that his safety was to be guaranteed by the Soviet government through its ambassador. The Soviet embassy agreed to provid e Amin with security. Having been forewarned, Amin used the palace guards to take Tariki hostage and assumed leadership of the country. Tariki died shortly of undisclosed illness. Under Amin’s rule the soviet wanted to put their troops in Afghanistan in anticipation of the American invasion of Iran much to Amin’s willingness. Eventually, the soviet invaded Afghanistan through paratroopers and killed Amin. These led to the occupation of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union. The death of Amin paved way for Babrak Karmal to take over the leadership mantle as the head of Afghanistan’s government.Advertising Looking for critical writing on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The government led by Babrak suffered a series of splits which prompted the Soviets to seek Babrak’s replacement with Mohammed Najibullah who was by then the head of the PDPA. Babrak took a conceited role in enga ging the Soviets. He eventually succeeded in taking power from Babrak Karmal. The civil war within Afghanistan was felt beyond the boundaries of Afghanistan. The civil war prompted peace talks in Geneva. As a solution for the continued conflict, the Geneva talks came up with a 9 moth timeline that would see the withdrawal of troops from the troubled Pakistan. These led to the creation of a neutral state of Afghanistan and allowed for Afghan refugees to come back to their country. The agreement between the faction groups was to be guaranteed by the Soviet Union and the United States. By 15th February 1989, the last of Soviet troops had withdrawn as stipulated by the agreement schedule. However, the withdrawal did not bring either lasting peace or lessen the resentment from most Afghans and so Afghanistan plunged from one civil war to another. From the analyzed history, it is important to mention that through the invasion of Afghanistan it led to speedy adoption of communism through a ssimilation or imposition. The effect was tremendous and far- reaching as it led to a ten year civil war between the soviet troops and the Afghan guerillas or the Mujahedeen. The war escalated to a holy war (jihad) and served as a rallying force for many Muslims who were drawn from across the Muslim world to fight on the side of the guerillas. Reports based on the 9/11 commission reveals that most schools, mosques and some boarding houses were used for the purpose of recruiting youths for the jihad across the world including the United States. The ultimate result of Afghan communism, as identified by Bradsher, (2001) was the rise of more violent movements that were first aided by Britain, America and the republic of Saudi Arabia, but down the line, the friendship between these nations deteriorated and the situation graduated to terrorism. The ideology leveled by the soviet to the Afghan people lost a sense of direction when the Soviet Union collapsed. However, this did not mean the end of radical socialism, but in effect; it brought in a new wave of communism from the wide known economic point of view to a more political idealism that was now headed by the KGB. The Soviet Union had failed in its quest to spread their ideology which had also impacted on their economy negatively.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Afghan Communism and Soviet Intervention specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Communism had to change its face and this was brought to play by Yuri Andropov who took over the reigns of the KGB in 1967. This branch of the Russian security service was transformed to become an independent, fully fledged unit within the Soviet State. Yuri Andropov also championed the financing activities for various uprisings in Europe, the Middle East and in Africa. These uprisings were initially started as student uprisings especially in northern Europe and in the Middle East. Yuri used a different a pproach; that of business, especially in oil which was meant to cut of the west especially America that depended on oil products imported from the oil rich gulf-region. He was also pro-active in the formation of a group of young Muslim fundamentalist from the various Islamic countries who resided in America as either students or workers. Some of this recruits assisted to form the Muslim brotherhood movement. What remains as the most controversial point in Afghan communism is the fact that the rise of Islamism militias lies squarely on both the infiltration by either the KGB or the CIA, with both parties rooting for their interest within Afghanistan and Pakistan. This is supported by the reports of personalities such as Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, a sympathizer and also a pro-active associate of the communist regime in Kabul. The most shocking analysis about Gulbuddin Hekmatyar is how he ended up becoming an operative of the Pakistan ISI and even getting both financial and weapons from Amer ica in aid of the Taliban in the 1980s, despite being known for his support for the terrorist and his affiliation to militias in Iran. Others have suggested that this could only have been possible through the infiltration of the CIA by KGB. Others have argued that the CIA lacked the intelligence to have foreseen the consequence of their involvement with these individuals who mostly tried to use the resources’ of the United States to expound on their agenda. However, it is important to mention that not all socialist ideologists have contributed to this radical wave of violence; rather, it is the extremist side that has led to the formation on internal self-grown terrorists who are affiliated to these extremists.Advertising Looking for critical writing on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To enhance this knowledge, it is critical to look at how the Taliban came to be. Taliban was established by Mullah Omar who was joined in 1984 by Osama bin Laden in Pakistan and took part in the 1987 battle. In autumn, of 1989 Bin Laden’s mentor, Massud, was assassinated and he took the reigns of al-Qaayd. Osama sent most of the fighters at home and abandoned his base in the frontier town of Peshawar in the pretext that Saudi Arabia had issued a decree for his death. By 1991, still the communists’ regime controlled and governed Kabul and when matters started to take shape in the Soviet Central Asia, Bin Laden changed his focus and apparent interests in destabilizing the Russian ideology and control to targeting pro-American governments’ supporters in Africa, and Europe. Bin Laden only returned to Afghanistan through the invitation of Hikmatyar in 1996 to join him and also as a refugee, but to his shock, most of his allies had shifted together with the communist generals to Mullah Omar’s camp. He also followed suit. All through the post-Soviet era, Russia misled the Afghan government of Burhanuddin Rabbani (1992-2001), of loyal support whereas most of its former commanders paid tribute to Hikmatyar. Reference Bradsher, H., S. (2001). Afghan Communism and Soviet Intervention. New Edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.

1.Examine the organisational context of your organisation, Essay

1.Examine the organisational context of your organisation, particularly its stakeholders and organisational culture. What are the key issues which enable and c - Essay Example Pepsi Inc’s overÐ °ll mission is to increÐ °se its shÐ °reholders investment. It does so by offering quÐ °lity products thÐ °t Ð °re sÐ °fe, wholesome, economicÐ °lly efficient Ð °nd environmentÐ °lly sound. It requires Ð °n orgÐ °nizÐ °tion Ð °nd working environment thÐ °t Ð °ttrÐ °cts the best people, fully develops Ð °nd chÐ °llenges their tÐ °lents, encourÐ °ges free Ð °nd spirited collÐ °borÐ °tion Ð °nd mÐ °intÐ °ins the highest stÐ °ndÐ °rds of integrity. Stakeholders are generally defined as any individuals or organizations who have the ability to directly or indirectly affect or are affected by the operations of a program. (WÐ °nous, Reichers, MÐ °lik, 2004) In Pepsi Inc there are two main distinctions concerning the type of stakeholder: internal and external. Internal stakeholders are typically all employees, and might include specific groups such as agency managers; program managers; front-line supervisors; direct-service employees; subject matter experts or occupational specialists; and evaluation, planning, and budgeting staff. External stakeholders are individuals or groups outside the organization that regularly exercise actions that can promote, inhibit, or change the operations of the organization. Types of external stakeholders who might participate include: elected officials, interest groups, union representatives, the media, customers, and citizens. Powerful externÐ °l stÐ °keholders Ð °re cÐ °pÐ °ble of dominÐ ° ting Ð °n orgÐ °nisÐ °tion’s strÐ °tegy. It is importÐ °nt to Ð °scertÐ °in eÐ °ch stÐ °keholder’s level of interest concerning the orgÐ °nisÐ °tionÐ °l purposes Ð °nd strÐ °tegic choices, Ð °nd the level of power they yield. Implementing Ð ° stÐ °keholder mÐ °pping mÐ °trix provides Ð °n insight into this, which in turn fÐ °cilitÐ °tes the understÐ °nding of Pepsi Inc’s politicÐ °l priorities. Pepsi Inc brÐ °nd nÐ °mes Ð °re Ð °mong the best-known Ð °nd most respected in the world. Some of the Pepsi Inc brÐ °nd nÐ °mes Ð °re 100 yeÐ °rs old, but the corporÐ °tion is relÐ °tively

Accepted Accounting Principles related to Health Care Essay - 1

Accepted Accounting Principles related to Health Care - Essay Example Inother words, it separates the business from its owners and treats it as an economic unit. Only assets, liabilities, and owners equity related to the group or organization are on one financial statement. If there are sub entities, the financial records of these entities are maintained separately. The second principle is the going - concern concept which is a presumption that the group or organization will be running in the future and will not be liquidated in the next 12 months. It is a very concept in case of healthcare business because hospitals, nursing homes, etc. which do not intend to stay in business the net realizable value of the asset may be not ascertained and could be sold at a much higher price than they worth at the moment of sale. The third principle is the matching principle which is a combination of cash accounting and accrual accounting. The matching principle and cash accounting states that revenue or expenses are recognized only when the organization receives cash or pays cash. For example, medical equipments are recognized in the books of accounts only when the cash is paid out in entirety. The problem therefore is, all transactions that are not done on a cash basis and not done in the same accounting year are not recognized which gives a deceptive picture of what actually occurred a respective accounting year. On the other hand, when accrual accounting is done this gives the actual as to what occurred in that year. An example of this is if an organization provides care for a patient but does not receive reimbursement until the following year but the funds will be documented on the year the patient was cared for. The fourth principle is known as the historical cost principle and states that the cost of a resource is what the organization pays to receive the economic need. Historical cost does not reflect the current market valuation of the asset. Therefore the problem with the cost principle for example is if a hospital pays twenty

Social, Political, and Organizational Factors Essay

Social, Political, and Organizational Factors - Essay Example Though Hispanics constitute the major ethnic minority populace in the US, they have no access to health care provisions, and appropriate healthcare system In this regard, two important factors are to be considered (1). Hispanics are less expected to search for and obtain health-care services and system, which might donate to their inferior health status and high rates of mortality and morbidity (2). To evaluate dissimilarities in access to the most appropriate health-care facilities and precautionary services among non-Hispanics and Hispanics, with CDC examined 2001--2002 information from Behavioral Risk Feature Surveillance Scheme (BRFSS) surveys. 2. Briefly discuss the social and political influences behind this disparity. Does this population have one or more of the risk factors that Shi and Stevens (2010) identify? Offer evidence that supports your assertions. Social and political factors affect Hispanic’s admittance to preventive services as well as the major influences behind the disparity. Disparities in making use of various preventive services by ethnic or racial characteristics have been recognized; minority inhabitants, such as Hispanics, are less expected than non-Hispanics in getting preventive services. This report reveals that these disparities in access to screening practices and health-care among Hispanics and non-Hispanics still persist. Shi and Stevens (2010), identify that population as a whole have one or more risk factors. The health of a population is affected by its economic and social circumstances and the health care services it obtains. On an average, the socioeconomic position of Hispanics in the US is significantly lower than that of non-Hispanic whites. Hispanics also face various barriers in obtaining health care services of extremely high quality. Some of these obstacles occur due to their low socioecono mic position; others obstacle are due to various specific aspects of the Hispanic

Operating A Car Wash Services Center Marketing Essay

Operating A Car Wash Services Center Marketing Essay Financing to the amount of  £25000 is required to fund the purchasing of the required equipment, machinery and consumables for the business daily activities. Maxim has already identified suitable premises for this venture, as well as having negotiated a renting agreement with the owner Maxim car wash aims to be a premier car wash business serving the West Midlands. Maxim car wash is an expansion of Maxim Repairs, owned by Bob Ryan. Maxim Repairs had been in market for the past several years and has a good market reputation due to the quality of standards maintained at Maxim. Maxim Cars intends to provide its customers exterior car washing, interior cleaning, and car detailing. Maxim Cars has few competitors in a growing market that are trying to offer a quality service but at a very higher rate. Maxim Cars has planned to target individual car owners and leasers, car dealerships and local business community. Being in the center of a business hub, Maxim aims to fascinate the local businesses in the vicinity that have company cars and would need them washed regularly. However, Maxim will target at the most advantageous option i.e. the six different car dealerships that operate in the area. The marketplace of Maxim is characterized by broad ethnic and economic diversity. In order to make the most of these demographic factors and focus on the inimitable demands each group asks of the market, the facility will incorporate both a full-service tunnel operation (for those who wish to allow the service team to clean their car) and a self-service facility (for those who wish to take a more lively role in their cars maintenance). Additionally, Maxim plans to provide an automatic dryer system (Eclipse) designed by the business itself for each self-service bay, which will increase customer liking by eliminating the need to hand dry an automobile after washing. Automatic dryers are a new and effective market modernization which currently exists in only one other car wash operation in the region. Maxims ability to offer a worthwhile service, both in terms of the actual washing as well as customer service is all based on the ability to find the finest employees. Hiring the best employees is cost efficient because it decreases HR costs related with turnover and other employee costs. Hiring the top employees and making sure that they are well taken care of ensures that they in turn take care of the customers. Studies prove that a happy employee is far more likely to provide the utmost level of customer service in contrast to an employee who is not happy and feels that they are being taken advantage of. The strength of Bobs experience is Maxims competitive edge as well as a major asset. Bob has been involved in the car repair business for the last seventeen years. Bob has worked his way through the industry and has been the proprietor of the business. Before this venture, Bob received his MBA from London School of Business and Finance. With a significant time span invested in the community, Bob has generated significant value as a fair, active member of the community. Lastly, Maxim will be able to leverage several of the Bobs for his business expertise. Business Description: Maxim Car wash will be operated by Bob Ryan, who had been serving the West Midlands area with a car repair and a sale/purchase business named as Maxim Cars for over 17 years. Bob will be leveraging the incredible goodwill of its relationship with the dealers in West Midlands and nearest purlieu and the brand appreciation of the Maxim Cars name to quickly gain market penetration. 2.1 Objective The objective of Maxim Car Wash is to offer high-quality services in an efficient, effective and economical manner. This is the key to Maxims success which also differentiates the business from its existing competitors in the market. 2.2  Mission   Maxims mission is to be a  premier  quality car wash service for the residents and business owner in West Midlands.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¯ Bob  will strive to keep employees  devoted  and in high  morale  to ensure customer satisfaction.   2.3 Business Strategy Maxim will be the only exclusive hand car wash in the West Midlands and estimates their market share on 25%.   It is assumed that Maxim will achieve a 90% gross margin and 12% net margin after the first year, and a 21% net margin after year three.   The business will reach a yearly net profit of  £4000 by year three. 2.4 Sales Forecast Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Sales Individuals  £76,086  £123,033  £165,662 Businesses  £6,431  £8,776  £9,988 Total Sales  £82,517  £131,809  £175,650 Direct Cost of Sales Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Individuals  £3,804  £6,152  £8,283 Businesses  £322  £439  £499 Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales  £4,126  £6,590  £8,783 2.5 Development Impact   The business, at this phase; has no employment equity plan  and skills development plan  but such a plan will be drafted in future.  Ã‚   An employment equity plan will be drafted following the Department of  Labors  Requirements.  Ã‚   The Department of  Labor  necessitates  that an employment equity plan should cover the following  Ã‚   Issues:   Goals for every year;  Ã‚   Affirmative action measures that will be employed;  Ã‚   numerical goals to reach this;  Ã‚   timetables and strategies  Ã‚   the  duration of the plan (not shorter than  6 months  or longer than 5 years);  Ã‚   Methodologies  that will be used to monitor and evaluate the implementation of the plan;  Ã‚   Procedures  to solve disputes about the plan; and  Ã‚   People liable for implementing the plan A skills development plan, adhering to the following steps, must be drafted:   Step 1: Determining what skills are required in the business.   Step 2: Ascertain if the employees have the necessary skills required.   Step 3: Training  employees for skills lacked by them   2.6 Legal Considerations Agreements Bob has rent the location nearest to Maxim repairs; the rent has been negotiated and will be  £899 per month. Maxim will be entailing the services of a contracting company to convert the use of the facility and to improve the customer waiting room facilities as it was previously used as a quick stop automobile service shop which has been agreed at  £3000 including all equipment. Legal arrangements have been negotiated with six different car dealerships operating within a five-mile radius which will require car washing services for the various fleets. Maxim will offer them all services at a pre-agreed fixed price. Business Opportunities: 3.1 Potential Customers and Geographical Area Maxim Cars has planned to target individual car owners and leasers, car dealerships and local business community. The surrounding area is quite prosperous and consists of rich families. Majority of the residents earn an average income of over  £85,000 a year. Consequently, they have nice cars and want them to look amusing. 3.2 Business Competitors Currently, Maxim has few competitors in a rising market. The application of the Porters Five Forces Model would make the picture clearer. 3.2.1 Porters FIVE FORCES MODEL Rivalry: Considering the current market, Maxim has few competitors which ultimately mean that Maxim is facing very little competition from its rivals. Since Maxim had been operating in the industry from the past 17 years and has a good corporate image, this would facilitate the launch of Maxim Car Wash and would place the business into a better position to compete against its rivals. Threat of Substitutes: The threat of substitutes is very petite in this situation. This is because the majority of target consumers are rich, less price sensitive, hence would not be willing to switch due to trivial cost differences. Moreover, Maxim would be providing free pick and drop service of the cars to their clients to make the business more viable. Bargaining Power of Customers: The fact that Maxim has planned to target a rich portfolio of consumers, it is highly unlikely that they would exercise their bargaining power. Furthermore, Maxim has made a legal arrangement with five different car dealers which would require car washing services for a various fleet of cars at a pre-agreed fixed price. This would secure a large chunk of revenue for Maxim Cars. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: In order to prevent the suppliers from exercising their powers over the business, Bob has made a three year renewable contract with all of his suppliers. Threat of New Entrants: The threat of new entrants is particularly low for Maxim Cars. This is because Bob has been operating in the industry from the past 17 years and has built good brand equity and a large number of loyal customers. 3.3  SWOT  Analysis   Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats relevant to  Maxim Cars  are listed in the table below:   STRENGTHS The  chosen  premises are well suited for the business activities.   Native  clients can provide a  huge  amount of repeat-business.   The  region  in which the business will ideally be located has volumes of traffic.   The labor  component  of the business is not high.   The entrepreneurs practical  know-how  in business management.   WEAKNESSES Finance  is required for starting and operating the business.   Bad weather  can  cause a slump in demand. OPPORTUNITIES Additional  services can be included in the service range or arrangements made with other services providers. The entrepreneur anticipates  obtaining  a contract from the government garage.   A huge number and variety of clients can be served.   Support shown by car dealers in the  purlieu   The enlargement of the business.   THREATS Competitors in the vicinity.   3.4 Critical Success Factors   Critical success factors pertinent to the key areas of the business are as follows:   KEY AREAS CRITICAL FACTORS Marketing High sales volume will be critical to making profits.   Maxim must seek to obtain a critical mass of clients to ensure profitability.   Gross margins  should  be  sound  and impact favorably on the bottom-line.   Production Capacity utilization will  progress  with the expansion of the services offered. Quality  standards are high and attract  repeat-business.   Service Delivery Capacity utilization must be  optimum.   The level of service exceeds customer  anticipation.   Delivery times in terms of finishing a car wash are  quicker.   Finances Credit  will  not  be provided to customers. The financials of the business will be  managed  well.   All the transactions will be  traced  and an accounting firm will be  hired  to help with the financial and tax management of the business.   3.5 RISK AND ISSUES Specific risks that Maxim faces include the risks of loss of customer, fast growth and liquidity, and tax management. These risks may all have the effect of loss of reputation, loss of business, debt, and bankruptcy in an extreme case. Maxim will have the following strategies in place to mitigate these risks: Providing first-rate service to ensure continued customer support as well as providing customer interaction mechanisms to measure satisfaction and suggestions, e.g. a suggestion box. Fast growth gives rise to the risk of running into cash flow problems. The business will obtain the services of a financial advisor to help them manage growth and liquidity. The business will seek help from a certified tax accountant to avoid running a tax risk. Marketing Strategy: 4.1 Market segmentation We are extremely privileged that our service is not limited to a specific segment or group of the market. In our market area alone, there are nearly 400,000 automobiles, or an average 0.8 automobiles per person. Luxury car owner: Maxim will focus on this segment for their premium hand wash service.   Luxury car owner takes vanity in their cars and would probably become systematic customers over time. Cost conscious car owner: Although Maxim will not focus on this segment; there are low-priced options available for those who just want an exterior quick wash.   The core service for this segment will be the Quick Wash serve, which is the low-cost service. Dealerships: The dealerships in the area will establish a large portion of the segmentation cake.   Dealerships would want to keep their fleet of cars shimmering and spotless and Maxim hopes to fulfill that need. Local businesses: Several local businesses have company cars that need to be washed frequently.   Maxim will target these businesses and give them the choice to get discounts for regular washes. Figure 1: Market Segmentation 4.2 Benefits of Service to the Market Segment Maxim will provide the only full service facility within the market area. Moreover, the water reclamation system will provide an environmentally safe means for the customers to clean their cars. This is entirely different from residential car washing, where untreated wash water fills storm drains and ultimately empties into the waterways. 4.3 Advertising and Pricing Policies The car wash will cost  Ã‚ £10.00. It will involve a full exterior vehicle wash, as well as an interior service to include vacuuming, window cleaning, and dashboard cleaning. We have investigated all available advertising mediums. After detailed consultations with a myriad of car wash operators in the area, we have decided to utilize the advantages of a variety of mediums. Primarily, Maxim will utilize cable television and radio spots, combining with newspaper advertisements, to announce the Grand Opening. Direct mail coupons will also be used to increase consumer awareness of Maxims existence. Furthermore, we will work cross promotions with businesses in the area as a means to tap the client base they have established. Flyers and business cards: Flyers promoting  the services, as well as specials, will be  circulated  along with business  cards  to clients.  Ã‚  These items will invite clients to request services from  Maxim Cars as well as giving them a  hint  of what the business has to offer at which prices.  Ã‚  Flyers will be  dropped  in mailboxes as well as in parked vehicles windshield wipers.  Ã‚   Personal/direct Selling: The entrepreneur has already started visiting potential clients to collect letters of  intent. These potential clients are now  aware of the business and may provide word-of-mouth  promotion  concerning  the business when it opens.  Ã‚   Newspaper advertisements: The owner intends to place advertisements in  several  local newspapers.   4.4  Sales Strategy Maxim will offer discounts and special offers on Mondays to Wednesdays in order to enhance sales on those days. Bob will try to convince the business owner in the purlieu to sign contracts with rewarding benefits, and thus try to sell directly to businesses. 4.5 Sales Projections Maxim has projected to wash 5550 cars during the first year of business. 4.6 Target Market Segment Strategy After doing a thorough market research, Bob has found that Mondays, Tuesdays and Wednesdays are the sluggish days for a car wash.   This could be due to the fact that various people wash their cars before they leave for a weekend away, afterward they return for a weekend away or merely has more time for things like washing the car during the weekend.   To pawn this effect, Maxim will target cost conscious customers during these days, by offering specials and discounts on Mondays to Wednesdays. 4.7 Customer Analysis   Maxims  customer base will be made up of local residents, people who pass through the area, car dealerships, taxi operators and others.  Ã‚   The following is the business customer analysis as provided by  Bob: Car  hires  agencies need cars cleaned  regularly.   Garages and workshops often want to clean customers car after they have  repaired  and may not have the facilities themselves.  Ã‚   Second-hand car dealers will want a car to look  impeccable  before they try and sell it.   Elderly or disabled  people  would usually prefer to have someone else wash their car.   Owners of classic or vintage cars could be very loyal customers if  Maxim  proves  that  it  can  do  a caring, quality job on their vehicles.   Taxi drivers Government vehicles for  instance  police and hospital (ambulance) vehicles.   4.8 Customers Buying Habits In discussion with hundreds of people in our target area over the past one year, Maxim has determined there is a massive need for a car wash facility in this region. Currently, there is not a car wash facility within a 6.5 mile radius of the proposed site, and the proposal has received enormous support from both civic and government groups in the target market. Business Operations : 5.1 Operations Maxim Car Wash is environmental friendly business, and has concerns over minimizing the impact on the environment in terms of energy consumed; water used, and waste output. All the chemicals are biodegradable, so that they break down naturally and hence the environment remains safe. The production process of Maxim as a whole consists of obtaining input materials, receiving customer cars for service, usage of the raw materials to wash, clean and vacuum cars, polishing the cars, and handing the car back to the client. Raw materials are used in the form of water, car shampoo, polish, and chamois products. Cars will be washed with soaps and materials specially designed for them to avoid scratches on the surface. A diagrammatic exposition of the process followed by Maxim is as follows: Figure 2: Critical levels in the service delivery process involves using best quality input products designed for automobiles, tailored with the customers service requirement, and fast service times. 5.2 Services Offered Car Washing Interior Cleaning Car Detailing 5.3 Personnel Maxim is considering making two teams headed by one full time car wash/detail expert and one part-time car wash specialist. Rotation of team members would be done on weekends and other peak times to manage the customer load. Extensive training would be given to all washers and detailers as to reduce all cushions of inefficiencies and providing the best quality and service at all times. Bob will hire an experienced manager for Maxim Car wash who would be responsible for all matters in the absence of Bob. The proposed organogram of the business operations for the first year is as follows: Figure 3: All employees will be encouraged to work with the business in the long term perspective and to deliver the best performance by the provision of being in a pleasant working environment, job satisfaction and market-related salaries. 5.4 Staffing/Training The size of staff is dependent upon time of day, day of the week, and weather conditions. During traditional peak wash periods, four full time wash experts employees and three part time wash experts will be scheduled to work. During traditional off-peak times four full time wash experts and one part time wash expert will be scheduled to work. Maxim will remain elastic in the staffing policy in order to meet customer demands and most efficiently make use of the employees. The employee handbook will make certain that each employee understands the significance and applicability of a varied and flexible scheduling process. The plan is to ensure that each employee receives the training essential to be skillful in their assigned tasks. The training program will center on improving the employees operational understanding of the business as well as their interpersonal skills. The program is designed to ensure that the employee-customer relations are as optimistic as possible. Initially, the company will be run solely by Bob. However, after six months a supervisor/manager may be hired to assist with the day to day operations and maintenance. The aim is to develop management from within the company, thereby assuring that optimistic management policies and practices are sustained. Additionally, the policy of hiring from within provides Maxim a means to recognize outstanding work performance and to develop a solid management team critical to The Maxims success. Technology: Through continuous research and development Maxim has led to new technologies and services including Unityà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ chemical system and innovative products like Hot Shine ® Carnauba Shield that gives a long lasting shine to the car in no extra time. Its growth has been amplified by investing in the best technology available, resulting in cleaner cars with an even deeper and richer shine. Maxim aims to use energy efficient advanced water reclamation system to conserve water usage and to reduce discharge concerns or meet actual standards or regulations. Thus, the amount of water needed to clean each car would be minimized. 6.1 Automatic Dryer System The Eclipse, an automatic dryer system which produces maximum output capacity of drying 40 cars per hour, more than any other equipment available in the market today.  Ã‚  The Eclipse computer precisely determines the length and width of each vehicle as it enters, from the smallest cars to the long pickups to be safely dried. It has a simple design which allows for only five moving components, adding to its longevity and minimal down time a feature that is unmatched in the industry. The Eclipse is also more visually attractive than ground-mounted machines, and the wall-mounted frame provides an open, spacious bay, creating more attraction for customers. The Eclipse onboard dryer is a system which is fully programmable and offers three efficient turbines running at 3600 rpm for high volume, velocity and maximum air flow.  It also uses less energy to operate, since no conveyor system is necessary for the Eclipse. 6.2 Wheel Scrubber This feature will allow the customers to choose which type of wheel cleaning they prefer. This will increase the cleaning revenue in less time with this online system available in friction and touch free options. The wheel brush cleans the tires and all wheel outer faces when the friction option is chosen. For those customers who prefer touch free, Maxim can also offer that choice, improving tire and wheel quality, again adding to the revenue and satisfying another customer. 6.3 Tire Shine Applicator Tire shine is an upgrade that our customers can opt to give that freshly-washed, shiny, finished look to their tires. Its the last touch for particular customers who want their vehicle sparkling from top to bottom. 7. Finances: 7.1 Financial Plan Following are the projections of Maxims Financial Plan. Bob will finance the start-up expenses of Maxim, with a  £25000 investment from his personal funds, and growth will be financed by cash flow.   This will implicate a slow initial growth for the company, but Bob is reluctant to involve investors from outside and is concerned to exercise his control only over the direction of the company. Fixed monthly costs for Maxim are estimated to be approximately  £1,500, and break even monthly units are 304 units per month. 7.2 Statement of Comprehensive Income Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Totals Potential Unit Sales 4800 5430 6100 16330 Average price per unit  £ 10.00  £ 11.00  £ 12.00 Potential Sales (turnover)  £ 48,000.00  £ 59,730.00  £ 73,200.00  £ 212,435.60 Unit costs  £ 5.80  £ 6.10  £ 6.80 Cost of Sales  £ 27,840.00  £ 33,123.00  £ 41,480.00  £ 114,257.60 Gross Profit  £ 20,160.00  £ 26,607.00  £ 31,720.00  £ 98,178.00 Operating Costs  £ 1,000.00  £ 1,090.00  £ 1,200.00 Net Profit before tax  £ 19,160.00  £ 25,517.00  £ 30,520.00  £ 85,888.00 7.3 Cash Flow Statement Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Opening Balance 15000 17914 21414 Cash received: Cash sales 14500 18000 21200 Interest 1900 1800 1500 Sundries 864 720 1150 Total cash received 17264 20520 23850 Cash Purchases: Stock purchases 6000 11880 10380 Other creditors 2300 3900 6000 Operating costs 1000 1090 1200 Capital 5000 150 150 Other 50 0 100 Total cash payment 14350 17020 17830 Cash Increase/Decrease 2914 3500 6020 Closing Balance 17914 21414 27434 7.4 Statement of Financial Position Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Assets Current Assets  £ 8,850.00  £ 10,287.00  £ 11,440.00 Cash  £ 3,650.00  £ 4,234.00  £ 4,700.00 Inventory  £ 1,000.00  £ 1,160.00  £ 1,287.00 Accounts receivable  £ 3,400.00  £ 3,961.00  £ 4,400.00 Provision for income tax  £ 800.00  £ 932.00  £ 1,053.00 Fixed Assets  £ 21,300.00  £ 24,860.00  £ 27,605.00 Machine  £ 5,000.00  £ 5,890.00  £ 6,500.00 Equipment  £ 6,700.00  £ 7,800.00  £ 8,658.00 Vehicle  £ 6,300.00  £ 7,340.00  £ 8,147.00 Trademark  £ 1,400.00  £ 1,630.00  £ 1,800.00 Goodwill  £ 1,900.00  £ 2,200.00  £ 2,500.00 Total Assets  £ 30,150.00  £ 35,147.00  £ 39,045.00 Liabilities and Equity Current liabilities  £ 2,990.00  £ 4,375.00  £ 4,777.00 Accounts payable (income tax)  £ 1,715.00  £ 2,990.00  £ 3,139.00 Creditors  £ 1,275.00  £ 1,385.00  £ 1,638.00 Long-term liabilities  £ 27,160.00  £ 30,772.00  £ 34,268.00 Bank Loan  £ 18,824.00  £ 23,430.00  £ 27,625.00 Vehicle  £ 8,336.00  £ 7,342.00  £ 6,643.00 Total Liabilities and Owners Equity  £ 30,150.00  £ 35,147.00  £ 39,045.00 Future Expansion Plan: The following is Mr. Bobs plans for future growth: Im planning to buy a bigger and much better place than the one Ill be using currently. Ill be making maximum profit because I wont be paying rent there since I would own the property. Im going to make a Bigger and better car wash than my first one in terms of development. This area will be able to handle more cars on the washing bay and on the drying bay. It will be much more feasible for a carwash business than my initial one. Ill be able to introduce new businesses into the market that would be ideal for my carwash. Businesses that would give people a reason to come to my carwash even when its raining; businesses like a Fast Food Franchise. Now introducing a business like this to my expansion area would contribute greatly to the Success of my carwash in West Midlands. From then, Im planning to expand to other developing and well developed towns or cities and to other areas in the United Kingdom. I want to be one of the people who contribute a lot to the growth and development of En gland. Please note that this is not just a dream; I believe that it is my determination and my gift from God, because its my passion. I am very blessed and richly gifted business wise. I have the ability to predict change and Development before it comes to reality. Not in terms of spiritual prophesying but in terms of being a possibility thinker. I have the Ability to convert a disadvantage to an advantage. Where people see jeopardy, I see an opportunity and prosperity. I welcome problems; I reach out for them, I charge into them and then in my mind instantly change them to challenges. I act local but I think global. This is the kind of attitude Im going with to my carwash business.                                               Ã‚   Appendices and References: http://www.carwash.org/Documents/14-%20Business%20Plan%20Template.pdf http://www.mplans.com/car_wash_marketing_plan/financials,_budgets,_and_forecasts_fc.php http://www.entrepreneurmag.co.za/advice/sample-business-plans/automotive-travel-and-transportation/car-wash-business-plan/ http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/business-plans/Business-Plans-Volume-01/Car-Wash.html#b Catlin, Katherine and Jana Matthews, Building the Awesome Organization: Six Essential Components that Drive Entrepreneurial Growth, 2002 New York: Hungry Minds Inc. Sahlman, William A., Howard H. Stevenson, Michael J. Roberts, Amar Bhide, eds. The Entrepreneurial Venture, 2nd Edition. 1999, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.